Top Scams Targeting Older Americans in 2021
Here's how to recognize and protect
yourself from these costly cons
by Sari Harrar, AARP,
April 1, 2021
Frauds aimed at older adults are becoming
more creative. “Scammers stay on top of whatever is new, such as the popularity
of Zoom, COVID-19 vaccines and online shopping,” and then move fast to create
ploys that best fit the moment, says Amy Nofziger, AARP's director of fraud
victim support. Here are nine such frauds happening widely right now.
1. Zoom phishing emails
Con artists registered more than 2,449 fake
Zoom-related internet domains in the early months of the pandemic, just so they
could send out emails that look like they're from the popular videoconferencing
website, according to the Better Business Bureau.
The scheme: “You
receive an email, text, or social media message with the Zoom logo, telling you
to click on a link because your account is suspended or you missed a meeting,”
says Katherine Hutt, national spokesperson for the BBB. “Clicking can allow
criminals to download malicious software onto your computer, access your
personal information to use for identity theft, or search for passwords to
hack into your other accounts.”
How to avoid: Never click on links in unsolicited emails, texts or social media
messages, Hutt says. If you think there is a problem with your account, visit
Zoom's real website at Zoom.us and follow the steps for customer support.
2. COVID-19 vaccination card scams
Many who got a COVID vaccine posted selfies
on social media showing off their vaccination card.
Scammers immediately pounced.
The scheme: “With
your full name, birth date and information about where you received your shot,
scammers have valuable data for identity theft, breaking into your bank
accounts, getting credit cards in your name and more,” Hutt says.
How to avoid: If you want to inform friends and family that you got your shots, a
selfie with a generic vaccine sticker will suffice. “Or use a Got My Vaccine
profile picture frame on social media,” Florida Attorney General Ashley Moody
suggests. And review your social media security settings to choose who can see
your posts.
3. Phony online shopping websites
Phony retail websites aren't new, but they
look more real today than ever before. “Fake sites are using photos from real
online retailers and mimicking their look and feel,” Hutt says.
The scheme: You
click on an ad online or on social media, see stuff you like at a great price,
enter your credit card info … and never receive a product. “Or you receive a
lower-quality item shipped directly from an overseas seller,” Hutt says.
How to avoid: Never click on an ad to go to a retailer's website. Instead, bookmark
the URLs of trusted shopping websites you visit
frequently and use those, suggests Tyler Moore, professor of cybersecurity at
the University of Tulsa. “Don't bother with trying to figure out whether the
web address is real. Attackers adapt and change them frequently.”
If you're considering buying from a new site,
first, check online reviews as well as the company's track record via the Better
Business Bureau's online directory (bbb.org).
4. Celebrity impostor scams
Real celebs like Kim Kardashian and Justin
Bieber grabbed headlines during the pandemic with social media money giveaways.
Fans posted their cash-transfer app identifier (or $Cashtag, in Cash App) for a
chance at free money. Right away, scammers posing as celebrities started
offering fake giveaways as a way to get people's private information.
The scheme: You get a
note via social media, email, or text message, claiming you won! You just need
to verify your account info and send a small deposit upfront.
How to avoid: If you really win, you won't be asked to send money first, says Satnam
Narang of Tenable, a cybersecurity firm. “The easiest way to defeat this scam
is to block incoming requests on your cash-transfer app. Remember: If it sounds
too good to be true, it probably is."
5. Online romance scams
They're not just lurking on dating sites.
“Romance scammers are getting close to unsuspecting women and men in online
prayer groups and book groups, through online games like Words With Friends and
other groups people are turning to during pandemic isolation,” Nofziger says.
The scheme: Scammers
typically lure their romance marks off of sites that may be monitored and onto
Google Hangouts, WhatsApp or Facebook Messenger, where no one's watching.
Eventually they hit you up for money.
How to avoid: Rule number one: Never send money to someone you've never met in person.
And say no to requests for suggestive selfies and videos that a scammer can
later use to blackmail you. “It's flattering to be told you are attractive,”
Nofziger says, “but it will be used against you.”
6. Medicare card scams
Scammers are emailing, calling, and even
knocking on doors, claiming to be from Medicare and offering all sorts of
pandemic-related services if you “verify” your Medicare ID number.
The scheme: The
offers include new cards they claim contain microchips. Some posers are asking
for payment to move beneficiaries up in line for the COVID-19 vaccine.
How to avoid: Hang up the phone, shut the door, delete the email. According to the
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Medicare will never contact you
without permission for your Medicare number or other personal information. And
it will never call to sell you anything. Guard your Medicare number and never
pay for a COVID vaccine. It's free.
7. Peer-to-peer (P2P) payment scams
The rise of smartphone tools like CashApp,
Venmo, Zelle and PayPal, which let you transfer money directly to another
person, has led to a range of frauds.
The scheme: “One of
the more pervasive is the so-called ‘accidental transfer of funds’ scam,”
Narang says. “A scammer sends hundreds of dollars, then sends a follow-up
message requesting the money back, claiming it was ‘an accident.’ “But the
original transfer was made with a stolen debit card; those funds will
eventually be removed from your account. And you're out the money.
How to avoid: Scrutinize money requests before hitting “accept.” To be extra diligent,
“disable [or block] incoming requests altogether on your app and only use it
for sending money,” Narang suggests. Enable it when someone you trust is about
to send you cash. And ignore a notice to return an accidental deposit. Report
the incident to the app's support team to resolve the dispute.
8. Social Security scam calls
Scammers are using “spoofed” phone numbers that
look like they're coming from Washington, D.C., to appear credible.
The scheme: You get a
scary phone call saying your Social Security number was used in a crime — and
you'll be arrested soon if you don't send money to fix it. “They may say your
number was used to rent a car where drugs were found and that the Drug
Enforcement Agency is on their way to your house,” Nofziger says. “The caller
may refer you to a local law-enforcement website where you can see the person's
picture. You think you've checked it out, call them back and send money.”
How to avoid: “Don't pick up the phone unless you absolutely know who's calling,”
Nofziger says. “If it's important, they'll leave a voicemail.”
9. Account takeover scam texts
Scammers are sending fake text messages alleging there's big trouble with your internet account,
a credit card, bank account, or shopping order on Amazon. They want you to click
on links and provide personal info.
The scheme The
urgent-sounding text message may have a real-looking logo. “People don't expect
scammers to use text messages, so they're more likely to click,” Moore says.
How to avoid: Remember, don't click on links in emails and texts that you haven't
asked for. Call your bank or credit card company to check for a problem.
Installing security software on your computer and keeping it updated is also
crucial, says cybersecurity expert Brian Payne, of Old Dominion University in
Norfolk, Virginia.
AARP’s Fraud Watch Network can help you
spot and avoid scams. Sign up for free Watchdog Alerts, review our scam-tracking map, or call our
toll-free fraud helpline at 877-908-3360 if you
or a loved one suspect you’ve been a victim.
